Regulatory Intelligence
AI-maintained daily updates on crypto regulations worldwide. Newest first — page 4 of 42.
claim text Liberia Drug Enforcement Agency
claim text Liberia Drug Enforcement Agency
claim text Compliance & Enforcement – Liberia Environmental Protection Agency
claim text Compliance & Enforcement – Liberia Environmental Protection Agency
claim text Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights in Africa (Liberia)
claim text Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights in Africa (Liberia)
claim text Liberia Drug Regulators, Enforcement Agency Unite... - allAfrica.com
claim text Liberia Drug Regulators, Enforcement Agency Unite... - allAfrica.com
Key stakeholders, including the Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MOCI) and the Central Bank of Liberia (CBL), have ...
Key stakeholders, including the Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MOCI) and the Central Bank of Liberia (CBL), have indicated a need for clearer guidelines to ensure consumer protection and prevent illicit activities such as money laundering.
Central Bank of Liberia (CBL): The CBL is responsible for monetary policy and financial stability in Liberia. It has ...
Central Bank of Liberia (CBL): The CBL is responsible for monetary policy and financial stability in Liberia. It has not yet issued comprehensive regulations specifically targeting cryptocurrencies, leaving the landscape largely unregulated.
There have been no documented enforcement actions specifically targeting cryptocurrency activities in Liberia due to ...
There have been no documented enforcement actions specifically targeting cryptocurrency activities in Liberia due to the lack of regulatory clarity.
LIBERIA: SANCTIONS HAVING LIMITED... | CIA FOIA (foia.cia.gov)
LIBERIA: SANCTIONS HAVING LIMITED... | CIA FOIA (foia.cia.gov)
Central Bank of Lesotho (CBL) – Responsible for managing foreign exchange reserves, administering exchange controls, ...
Central Bank of Lesotho (CBL) – Responsible for managing foreign exchange reserves, administering exchange controls, and regulating financial institutions. Website: https://www.cbl.ls
No explicit capital thresholds for crypto-specific licenses are stated in Lesotho’s legislation. Generally, commercia...
No explicit capital thresholds for crypto-specific licenses are stated in Lesotho’s legislation. Generally, commercial banks must maintain sufficient capital to meet regulatory requirements set by the CBL, but specifics for digital asset firms are absent.
Income Tax: No explicit tax guidance on cryptocurrency income has been issued by the Lesotho Revenue Authority.
Income Tax: No explicit tax guidance on cryptocurrency income has been issued by the Lesotho Revenue Authority.
Lesotho - Banking Systems | export.gov
Lesotho - Banking Systems | export.gov
The Central Bank of Lesotho (CBL) regulates financial institutions, including potential crypto entities. Lesotho - Ba...
The Central Bank of Lesotho (CBL) regulates financial institutions, including potential crypto entities. Lesotho - Banking Systems | export.gov
No specific licenses for cryptocurrency activities have been issued to date in Lesotho. Lesotho - Banking Systems | e...
No specific licenses for cryptocurrency activities have been issued to date in Lesotho. Lesotho - Banking Systems | export.gov
The Credit Reporting Act 2012 and Data Protection Act 2012 facilitate credit bureau establishment but are not tailore...
The Credit Reporting Act 2012 and Data Protection Act 2012 facilitate credit bureau establishment but are not tailored for cryptocurrencies. Lesotho - Banking Systems | export.gov
Lesotho Bank of Lesotho: Licensing, Oversight & Scope | PayAtlas https://payatlas.com/regulator/lbp-4753
Lesotho Bank of Lesotho: Licensing, Oversight & Scope | PayAtlas https://payatlas.com/regulator/lbp-4753
Lithuanian Banking Act (Official Gazette 2010/1082, as amended) – Governs payment institutions that may facilitate cr...
Lithuanian Banking Act (Official Gazette 2010/1082, as amended) – Governs payment institutions that may facilitate cryptocurrency transactions.
FMA Enforcement Policy Document
FMA Enforcement Policy Document
Who Needs a License: No specific license is required for cryptocurrency exchanges or wallet providers in Latvia; howe...
Who Needs a License: No specific license is required for cryptocurrency exchanges or wallet providers in Latvia; however, any entity engaged in targeted financial services must comply with sanctions obligations.
Penalties: Administrative fines up to €5,000,000 for violations; criminal liability (up to 8 years imprisonment) unde...
Penalties: Administrative fines up to €5,000,000 for violations; criminal liability (up to 8 years imprisonment) under Article 84 of the Criminal Law for sanctions breaches. FIU Management meeting with President of Latvia E. Rinkēvičs
Central Bank of Libya (CBL): Responsible for monetary policy, financial stability, and the regulation of banks and ot...
Central Bank of Libya (CBL): Responsible for monetary policy, financial stability, and the regulation of banks and other financial institutions. Website: https://www.cbl.gov.ly/
Arrests & Cases: There are no documented enforcement cases related to crypto marketing in Libya as of 2025–2026.
Arrests & Cases: There are no documented enforcement cases related to crypto marketing in Libya as of 2025–2026.
Cryptocurrencies and digital assets are not explicitly regulated by Libyan law, resulting in an undefined regulatory ...
Cryptocurrencies and digital assets are not explicitly regulated by Libyan law, resulting in an undefined regulatory environment. Marketing in Libya is influenced by various factors, including the...
The Central Bank of Libya (CBL) and Ministry of Finance are the primary regulatory bodies but lack specific mandates ...
The Central Bank of Libya (CBL) and Ministry of Finance are the primary regulatory bodies but lack specific mandates for crypto-related activities. EVALUATION OF CATHODIC PROTECTION SYSTEM FOR PIPELINES AT BREGA PETROLEUM MARKETING COMPANY IN LIBYA
There are no documented enforcement actions targeting crypto marketing as of 2025–2026, reflecting minimal regulatory...
There are no documented enforcement actions targeting crypto marketing as of 2025–2026, reflecting minimal regulatory oversight. Challenges in Marketing the Agricultural Product (The Case of Libya)
Guidelines from the National Bank of Moldova on crypto-related activities
Guidelines from the National Bank of Moldova on crypto-related activities
Central Bank of Moldova (CBM): The primary regulator overseeing financial institutions and digital asset activities.
Central Bank of Moldova (CBM): The primary regulator overseeing financial institutions and digital asset activities.
As of early 2025, no crypto custody licenses have been issued in Moldova. The licensing process is still under develo...
As of early 2025, no crypto custody licenses have been issued in Moldova. The licensing process is still under development.
No specific enforcement actions have been reported yet regarding crypto custody services in Moldova. However, existin...
No specific enforcement actions have been reported yet regarding crypto custody services in Moldova. However, existing AML/KYC violations could result in fines or operational bans under the current financial crime framework.
Vladimir Sarban set free from preventive custody - Moldova.org
Vladimir Sarban set free from preventive custody - Moldova.org
Montenegro - Banking Systems | Privacy Shield
Montenegro - Banking Systems | Privacy Shield
World Bank – Montenegro Partnership
World Bank – Montenegro Partnership
Madagascar - Banking Systems | export.gov
Madagascar - Banking Systems | export.gov
Who regulates? The primary regulator for financial services, including potential crypto activities, is the Banque Cen...
Who regulates? The primary regulator for financial services, including potential crypto activities, is the Banque Centrale de Madagascar (BCM) under the Ministry of Economy. AML/CFT oversight falls under the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) within the Ministry of Finance and External Trade.
Can you get a license? No specific license exists for cryptocurrency exchanges or digital asset marketing in Madagasc...
Can you get a license? No specific license exists for cryptocurrency exchanges or digital asset marketing in Madagascar. Businesses offering crypto‑related services must comply with existing banking, securities, or payment institution regulations if they fall under those scopes; otherwise, they operate in a regulatory gray area.
Banque Centrale de Madagascar (BCM) – Responsible for monetary policy and supervision of banking institutions; contac...
Banque Centrale de Madagascar (BCM) – Responsible for monetary policy and supervision of banking institutions; contact: https://www.bcm.mg
Madagascar is a member of Financial Action Task Force (FATF) but has not yet issued specific guidance on virtual asse...
Madagascar is a member of Financial Action Task Force (FATF) but has not yet issued specific guidance on virtual assets. Consequently, the FATF’s recommendations are applied broadly to financial institutions that could include crypto operators under existing definitions of “virtual asset service providers” (VASPs).
Central Bank of Madagascar (BAM): Responsible for monetary policy and financial stability. Website: https://www.bam-m...
Central Bank of Madagascar (BAM): Responsible for monetary policy and financial stability. Website: https://www.bam-madagascar.gouv.mg
Central Bank of Madagascar (BAM)
Central Bank of Madagascar (BAM)
African Union considers Madagascar sanctions... | ReliefWeb
African Union considers Madagascar sanctions... | ReliefWeb
Guide to Madagascar's Sanctions List — Castellum.AI
Guide to Madagascar's Sanctions List — Castellum.AI
Madagascar: Sanctions Result in Economic Decline and Food...
Madagascar: Sanctions Result in Economic Decline and Food...
African Union Sanctions Madagascar's Leaders
African Union Sanctions Madagascar's Leaders
Central Bank of the Marshall Islands: Exists but has minimal direct involvement in crypto regulation; primarily focus...
Central Bank of the Marshall Islands: Exists but has minimal direct involvement in crypto regulation; primarily focuses on traditional banking oversight.
The Marshall Islands has established a comprehensive regulatory framework for cryptocurrencies and digital assets, ai...
The Marshall Islands has established a comprehensive regulatory framework for cryptocurrencies and digital assets, aiming to balance innovation with financial stability and transparency.
eCFR :: 31 CFR Part 555 -- Mali Sanctions Regulations
eCFR :: 31 CFR Part 555 -- Mali Sanctions Regulations
Federal Register :: Mali Sanctions Regulations
Federal Register :: Mali Sanctions Regulations
Maldives - Cross-border Dep. With BIS Banks, Nonbanks - 2025 Data...
Maldives - Cross-border Dep. With BIS Banks, Nonbanks - 2025 Data...
1. Who regulates banking and financial services in your jurisdiction? | Mexico | Global Financial Services Regulatory...
1. Who regulates banking and financial services in your jurisdiction? | Mexico | Global Financial Services Regulatory Guide | Baker McKenzie Resource Hub
De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB): Central bank and prudential supervisor overseeing financial institutions' AML practices.
De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB): Central bank and prudential supervisor overseeing financial institutions' AML practices.
Penalties/Fines/Aren't Crypto‑Specific: No recorded enforcement actions directly targeting cryptocurrency custody. Ex...
Penalties/Fines/Aren't Crypto‑Specific: No recorded enforcement actions directly targeting cryptocurrency custody. Existing cases, such as the 2013 altercation involving an asylum seeker in Nauru’s detention center, relate to immigration and security matters rather than digital asset activities.
Tax Guidance: No specific tax guidance has been issued for virtual assets in Nauru. Income tax or capital gains taxat...
Tax Guidance: No specific tax guidance has been issued for virtual assets in Nauru. Income tax or capital gains taxation of crypto transactions is not addressed in current legislation, leaving entities to apply general income tax principles as per the Income Tax Act (No. 10 of 2008), which lacks crypto references.
Banco de Portugal: Oversees banking and monetary policy.
Banco de Portugal: Oversees banking and monetary policy.
Capital Requirements: No explicit capital thresholds are set by CMVM for crypto-related licensing; however, general b...
Capital Requirements: No explicit capital thresholds are set by CMVM for crypto-related licensing; however, general banking regulations may apply if the entity is also a financial institution.
Licensing Status (2025): No entities have been specifically licensed by CMVM for cryptocurrency or digital asset secu...
Licensing Status (2025): No entities have been specifically licensed by CMVM for cryptocurrency or digital asset securities as of late 2024; ongoing monitoring suggests a forthcoming regulatory framework.
CMVM’s Regulatory Framework for Digital Assets
CMVM’s Regulatory Framework for Digital Assets
Portugal’s Securities and Banking Update 2023
Portugal’s Securities and Banking Update 2023
Who regulates? Primarily CMVM for securities; Banco de Portugal and ASF for broader financial services.
Who regulates? Primarily CMVM for securities; Banco de Portugal and ASF for broader financial services.
Has anyone been licensed? No specific licenses issued for digital asset securities by CMVM up to late 2024.
Has anyone been licensed? No specific licenses issued for digital asset securities by CMVM up to late 2024.
Penalties & Fines: Non-compliance with Travel Rule and AML/CFT regulations can result in administrative fines and pot...
Penalties & Fines: Non-compliance with Travel Rule and AML/CFT regulations can result in administrative fines and potential criminal liability under Portuguese law. Source: https://www.bportugal.gov.pt/enforcement
Thailand AML & Sanctions Compliance · ANQA Compliance
Thailand AML & Sanctions Compliance · ANQA Compliance
Thailand AML & Sanctions Compliance Guide 2025 · ANQA Compliance
Thailand AML & Sanctions Compliance Guide 2025 · ANQA Compliance
Expected Developments: Likely integration into the Personal Income Tax Law and Corporate Income Tax Law through amend...
Expected Developments: Likely integration into the Personal Income Tax Law and Corporate Income Tax Law through amendments by mid-2026. What is Anti-Money Laundering? AML... | BBCIncorp Vietnam
Vietnam AML & Sanctions Compliance · ANQA Compliance
Vietnam AML & Sanctions Compliance · ANQA Compliance
Central Bank of Guatemala: Oversees monetary policy and banking supervision.
Central Bank of Guatemala: Oversees monetary policy and banking supervision.
Guatemala - Banking Systems | export.gov
Guatemala - Banking Systems | export.gov
Bank of Guyana (BoG) – Central bank; responsible for monetary policy and oversight of financial institutions includin...
Bank of Guyana (BoG) – Central bank; responsible for monetary policy and oversight of financial institutions including digital asset service providers under the AMLCFT Act.
As of early 2025, no cryptocurrency‑specific licenses have been issued, reflecting ongoing regulatory development. St...
As of early 2025, no cryptocurrency‑specific licenses have been issued, reflecting ongoing regulatory development. Startups operate under a de facto permit system where they self‑report and undergo periodic audits by BoG and FIU Guyana.
Identify Ultimate Beneficial Owners (UBOs) and screen against local watchlists (e.g., CANU wanted persons list) and g...
Identify Ultimate Beneficial Owners (UBOs) and screen against local watchlists (e.g., CANU wanted persons list) and global sanctions lists (OFAC, EU, UN).
In 2024, a local fintech was issued a warning and required to implement stricter AML controls after failing to report...
In 2024, a local fintech was issued a warning and required to implement stricter AML controls after failing to report suspicious crypto transactions linked to narcotics trafficking (FIU Guyana press release, https://fiu.gov.gy/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Guideline-No.-2-of-2017-Effective-Supervision.pdf).
World Bank Systematic Country Diagnostic for Guyana: https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/691761607528494981/p...
World Bank Systematic Country Diagnostic for Guyana: https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/691761607528494981/pdf/A-Pivotal-Moment-for-Guyana-Realizing-the-Opportunities-Systematic-Country-Diagnostic.pdf
Central Bank of Honduras (Banco Central de Honduras) – Responsible for monetary policy and financial stability.
Central Bank of Honduras (Banco Central de Honduras) – Responsible for monetary policy and financial stability.
El Acceso de la Administración Tributaria a la Información Bancaria en Honduras
El Acceso de la Administración Tributaria a la Información Bancaria en Honduras
UK Banking Regulatory and Market Framework
UK Banking Regulatory and Market Framework
Superintendencia de Bancos y Seguros (SBS): Oversees banking and insurance sectors in Honduras, potentially extending...
Superintendencia de Bancos y Seguros (SBS): Oversees banking and insurance sectors in Honduras, potentially extending oversight to digital asset activities under existing financial regulations. Website: https://www.sbs.gob.hn/
Honduras is a member of FATF (Financial Action Task Force) but has not issued specific recommendations targeting virt...
Honduras is a member of FATF (Financial Action Task Force) but has not issued specific recommendations targeting virtual assets, leaving regulatory gaps in alignment with global standards.
No documented fines, arrests, or enforcement actions specifically targeting cryptocurrency operations in Honduras as ...
No documented fines, arrests, or enforcement actions specifically targeting cryptocurrency operations in Honduras as of 2025–2026. The lack of regulatory clarity results in minimal direct enforcement against crypto-related entities.
Crypto Gains Taxation: Honduras does not provide explicit tax guidance for virtual assets. Income tax on gains is gen...
Crypto Gains Taxation: Honduras does not provide explicit tax guidance for virtual assets. Income tax on gains is generally applied to personal income, but specific treatment for cryptocurrency transactions is undefined.
Liberia's current financial regulatory framework does not explicitly address cryptocurrencies or digital assets, crea...
Liberia's current financial regulatory framework does not explicitly address cryptocurrencies or digital assets, creating ambiguity for market participants.
The Central Bank of Liberia (CBL) oversees traditional banking activities but lacks specific authority over crypto-re...
The Central Bank of Liberia (CBL) oversees traditional banking activities but lacks specific authority over crypto-related services.
Central Bank of Liberia (CBL): As the monetary and banking regulator, the CBL governs traditional financial instituti...
Central Bank of Liberia (CBL): As the monetary and banking regulator, the CBL governs traditional financial institutions but has not issued comprehensive guidelines for digital asset services. Central Bank of Liberia (CBL) | Monetary & Banking Regulator
No documented enforcement actions specifically targeting cryptocurrency activities in Liberia.
No documented enforcement actions specifically targeting cryptocurrency activities in Liberia.
The LRA has not issued clear guidance on taxation of cryptocurrency gains or income in Liberia. The Liberia Revenue A...
The LRA has not issued clear guidance on taxation of cryptocurrency gains or income in Liberia. The Liberia Revenue Authority (LRA) - Liberia Revenue Authority
Cryptocurrency Impact: While specific cryptocurrency regulations for Liberia are not explicitly detailed in existing ...
Cryptocurrency Impact: While specific cryptocurrency regulations for Liberia are not explicitly detailed in existing sanctions documentation, the broad prohibitions on financial transactions with sanctioned entities imply that cryptocurrencies facilitating such transactions could be subject to additional scrutiny and penalties. LIBERIA: SANCTIONS HAVING LIMITED... | CIA FOIA (foia.cia.gov)
OFAC Regulations: OFAC maintains a list of sanctioned Liberian entities and individuals, requiring businesses to scre...
OFAC Regulations: OFAC maintains a list of sanctioned Liberian entities and individuals, requiring businesses to screen against this list before engaging in any transactions. Failure to comply can result in severe penalties, including fines and imprisonment. LIBERIA: SANCTIONS HAVING LIMITED... | CIA FOIA (foia.cia.gov)
Local Laws: Liberia has enacted laws aimed at regulating financial institutions and promoting transparency, but these...
Local Laws: Liberia has enacted laws aimed at regulating financial institutions and promoting transparency, but these do not specifically address cryptocurrencies, leaving a regulatory gap. Federal Register :: Topics (CFR Indexing Terms) - Liberia
Financial Institution Licensing: Businesses seeking to operate in Liberia's financial sector must obtain licenses fro...
Financial Institution Licensing: Businesses seeking to operate in Liberia's financial sector must obtain licenses from the Bank of Liberia and comply with stringent anti-money laundering (AML) standards. Cryptocurrency exchanges would likely fall under this licensing regime, requiring rigorous due diligence. Federal Register :: Topics (CFR Indexing Terms) - Liberia
Regulatory Uncertainty: The absence of specific cryptocurrency regulations in Liberia creates uncertainty for market ...
Regulatory Uncertainty: The absence of specific cryptocurrency regulations in Liberia creates uncertainty for market participants, potentially exposing them to compliance risks and legal challenges. Guide to Liberia's Sanctions List — Castellum.AI
Technological Advancements: Rapid developments in blockchain technology may outpace regulatory responses, requiring c...
Technological Advancements: Rapid developments in blockchain technology may outpace regulatory responses, requiring continuous adaptation of compliance frameworks to effectively manage emerging risks. LIBERIA: SANCTIONS HAVING LIMITED... | CIA FOIA (foia.cia.gov)
Issuance of Executive Order Terminating Liberia Sanctions Program...
Issuance of Executive Order Terminating Liberia Sanctions Program...
Guide to Liberia's Sanctions List — Castellum.AI
Guide to Liberia's Sanctions List — Castellum.AI
Cryptocurrencies are not explicitly defined within Lesotho’s financial regulatory framework, leading to ambiguity in ...
Cryptocurrencies are not explicitly defined within Lesotho’s financial regulatory framework, leading to ambiguity in their legal status.
The Latvian regulatory framework for cryptocurrency and digital asset marketing is primarily governed by the Financia...
The Latvian regulatory framework for cryptocurrency and digital asset marketing is primarily governed by the Financial Instruments Act (FIA) and the AML/CFT Law, which impose licensing, AML/KYC, and tax obligations on market participants. Latvia - Direct Marketing | export.gov
The current regulatory framework in Montenegro does not specifically address cryptocurrencies and digital assets, lea...
The current regulatory framework in Montenegro does not specifically address cryptocurrencies and digital assets, leading to a gray area for financial institutions.
The Financial Services Act (FSA) governs traditional banking activities but lacks explicit provisions for cryptocurre...
The Financial Services Act (FSA) governs traditional banking activities but lacks explicit provisions for cryptocurrencies.
The National Bank of Montenegro (NBM) oversees licensing and supervision, yet its stance on digital assets remains am...
The National Bank of Montenegro (NBM) oversees licensing and supervision, yet its stance on digital assets remains ambiguous.
Banking in Montenegro: The Ultimate Guide | Montenegrin Banks
Banking in Montenegro: The Ultimate Guide | Montenegrin Banks
Montenegro banking system - Guide - Porto Montenegro
Montenegro banking system - Guide - Porto Montenegro
XBRL Implementation in the Banking Sector in Montenegro
XBRL Implementation in the Banking Sector in Montenegro
Obtaining a banking licence in Montenegro: legal... | TKDeal
Obtaining a banking licence in Montenegro: legal... | TKDeal
No specific capital thresholds are outlined for crypto-specific licenses in Montenegro; however, general banking lice...
No specific capital thresholds are outlined for crypto-specific licenses in Montenegro; however, general banking license requirements (e.g., €5 million equity capital) may apply indirectly.
Risk of Non-compliance: Entities may inadvertently breach EU or UN sanctions without clear local guidance.
Risk of Non-compliance: Entities may inadvertently breach EU or UN sanctions without clear local guidance.
Central Bank of Madagascar (Banque de Madagascar): Oversees traditional banking and financial stability.
Central Bank of Madagascar (Banque de Madagascar): Oversees traditional banking and financial stability.
Licensing procedures for conventional banking require submission to the Central Bank of Madagascar, involving due dil...
Licensing procedures for conventional banking require submission to the Central Bank of Madagascar, involving due diligence and compliance checks. Crypto-specific licenses are unavailable.
No explicit beneficial ownership disclosures or Politically Exposed Persons (PEP) screening provisions exist for cryp...
No explicit beneficial ownership disclosures or Politically Exposed Persons (PEP) screening provisions exist for cryptocurrency operations under current Madagascar banking regulations.
Macro Stress Testing Credit Risk: Case of Madagascar Banking Sector
Macro Stress Testing Credit Risk: Case of Madagascar Banking Sector
Mobile Banking in Madagascar: Potential Benefits and Challenges
Mobile Banking in Madagascar: Potential Benefits and Challenges
OFAC's regulations under 31 CFR Part 555 specifically prohibit transactions with designated persons related to Mali w...
OFAC's regulations under 31 CFR Part 555 specifically prohibit transactions with designated persons related to Mali without a license Source: [eCFR :: 31 CFR Part 555 -- Mali Sanctions Regulations]
No specific licensing for cryptocurrency activities in Mali has been reported as of the latest updates, indicating a ...
No specific licensing for cryptocurrency activities in Mali has been reported as of the latest updates, indicating a challenging compliance landscape Source: [Federal Register :: Mali Sanctions Regulations]
The absence of explicit tax guidance on cryptocurrency gains in Mali necessitates compliance with U.S. reporting requ...
The absence of explicit tax guidance on cryptocurrency gains in Mali necessitates compliance with U.S. reporting requirements for blocked assets Source: [Mali-Related Sanctions | Office of Foreign Assets Control]
https://www.state.gov/mali-sanctions
https://www.state.gov/mali-sanctions
https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/08/07/2023-16860/mali-sanctions-regulations
https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/08/07/2023-16860/mali-sanctions-regulations
No specific enforcement actions have been documented targeting cryptocurrency activities in Malawi. The absence of cr...
No specific enforcement actions have been documented targeting cryptocurrency activities in Malawi. The absence of crypto-specific regulations means sanctions are applied only where general financial crimes (e.g., money laundering) are committed.
Sanctions Risk: Although Malawi implements UN sanctions, the absence of a domestic crypto whitelist/blacklist means e...
Sanctions Risk: Although Malawi implements UN sanctions, the absence of a domestic crypto whitelist/blacklist means entities must independently ensure compliance with international restrictions.
Guide to Malawi's Sanctions List — Castellum.AI
Guide to Malawi's Sanctions List — Castellum.AI
Malawi does not have an autonomous sanctions list; it only implements UN sanctions. Guide to Malawi's Sanctions List ...
Malawi does not have an autonomous sanctions list; it only implements UN sanctions. Guide to Malawi's Sanctions List — Castellum.AI
No entities have been licensed for cryptocurrency activities in Malawi. Guide to Malawi's Sanctions List — Castellum.AI
No entities have been licensed for cryptocurrency activities in Malawi. Guide to Malawi's Sanctions List — Castellum.AI
The incident highlights the urgent need for clear regulatory frameworks governing cryptocurrency and digital asset cu...
The incident highlights the urgent need for clear regulatory frameworks governing cryptocurrency and digital asset custody in Niger.
Lesotho's regulatory framework for cryptocurrencies and digital assets is currently underdeveloped, with limited spec...
Lesotho's regulatory framework for cryptocurrencies and digital assets is currently underdeveloped, with limited specific legislation addressing these financial instruments.
Lesotho and Swaziland threatened with sanctions | South African...
Lesotho and Swaziland threatened with sanctions | South African...
Call for targeted sanctions - Lesotho Times
Call for targeted sanctions - Lesotho Times
Guide to Lesotho's Sanctions List — Castellum.AI
Guide to Lesotho's Sanctions List — Castellum.AI
No fines or penalties have been levied against crypto operators in Libya due to lack of regulatory framework.
No fines or penalties have been levied against crypto operators in Libya due to lack of regulatory framework.
African Union Peace and Security Council (AU PSC): Responsible for coordinating sanctions against Madagascar's leader...
African Union Peace and Security Council (AU PSC): Responsible for coordinating sanctions against Madagascar's leadership post-coup.
United Nations Security Council Resolutions: Imposes economic and trade sanctions on Madagascar in response to politi...
United Nations Security Council Resolutions: Imposes economic and trade sanctions on Madagascar in response to political instability.
Madagascar does not maintain an autonomous sanctions list, adhering instead to UN sanctions. Guide to Madagascar's Sa...
Madagascar does not maintain an autonomous sanctions list, adhering instead to UN sanctions. Guide to Madagascar's Sanctions List — Castellum.AI
No specific licensing framework exists for cryptocurrency or digital asset services in Madagascar, with no entities l...
No specific licensing framework exists for cryptocurrency or digital asset services in Madagascar, with no entities licensed as of 2025–2026. Guide to Madagascar's Sanctions List — Castellum.AI
Legality: As of October 2025, no explicit legislation in the Marshall Islands expressly legalizes or bans cryptocurre...
Legality: As of October 2025, no explicit legislation in the Marshall Islands expressly legalizes or bans cryptocurrencies. The regulatory landscape remains largely silent on virtual assets, creating ambiguity for crypto‑related businesses.
Practical Reality: Entities engaged in crypto activities operate without formal approval, relying on informal complia...
Practical Reality: Entities engaged in crypto activities operate without formal approval, relying on informal compliance with general AML/CFT rules. The absence of tailored regulations means that enforcement is sporadic and largely dependent on the FSA’s interpretation of existing statutes.
No tax guidance for virtual assets has been issued by the Marshall Islands Revenue Authority as of October 2025–June ...
No tax guidance for virtual assets has been issued by the Marshall Islands Revenue Authority as of October 2025–June 2026. Consequently, cryptocurrency gains are treated under a gap—taxpayers must consult general income tax rules or await forthcoming legislation.
Marshall Islands - Cross-border Deposits With BIS Rep. Banks...
Marshall Islands - Cross-border Deposits With BIS Rep. Banks...
The regulatory framework in El Salvador has evolved to accommodate blockchain and cryptocurrency activities, establis...
The regulatory framework in El Salvador has evolved to accommodate blockchain and cryptocurrency activities, establishing a multi-agency approach involving the Central Bank of the Nation of El Salvador (BND), the National Financial Intelligence Unit (NFU), and the Ministry of Economy.
To operate legally in the crypto space, entities must obtain a Virtual Asset Service Provider (VASP) license from the...
To operate legally in the crypto space, entities must obtain a Virtual Asset Service Provider (VASP) license from the Central Bank of the Nation of El Salvador (BND), which involves meeting stringent operational and financial criteria.
Securities Exchange Act of 1934: Applies to the trading of securities on exchanges and over-the-counter markets, incl...
Securities Exchange Act of 1934: Applies to the trading of securities on exchanges and over-the-counter markets, including digital asset markets. The SEC has issued guidance clarifying that certain blockchain-based tokens may be subject to these regulations.
The SEC has taken enforcement actions against entities for issuing unregistered securities, including digital tokens....
The SEC has taken enforcement actions against entities for issuing unregistered securities, including digital tokens. Notable cases include the enforcement actions against Telegram's Gram token and the Coinbase settlement.
The licensing regime in Burkina Faso has been streamlined to reduce administrative burdens on entrepreneurs. Burkina ...
The licensing regime in Burkina Faso has been streamlined to reduce administrative burdens on entrepreneurs. Burkina Faso Brings Health Licensing Online to Ease Administrative Hurdles
The Central Bank of Burundi has issued stringent Anti-Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism (AML/...
The Central Bank of Burundi has issued stringent Anti-Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT) rules, mandating robust Know Your Customer (KYC) procedures for all financial institutions.
The regulatory framework in Benin is characterized by a mix of national laws and international agreements, impacting ...
The regulatory framework in Benin is characterized by a mix of national laws and international agreements, impacting various sectors including financial services, trade, and professional licensing.
The enforcement of regulatory compliance in Benin is carried out by various governmental agencies, with penalties for...
The enforcement of regulatory compliance in Benin is carried out by various governmental agencies, with penalties for non-compliance ranging from fines to operational shutdowns.
Despite a comprehensive regulatory framework, key gaps exist in the enforcement of AML/KYC standards and the clarity ...
Despite a comprehensive regulatory framework, key gaps exist in the enforcement of AML/KYC standards and the clarity of import/export licensing processes, posing risks for businesses operating in Benin.
Ongoing Monitoring: Institutions are required to perform continuous monitoring of transactions to detect suspicious a...
Ongoing Monitoring: Institutions are required to perform continuous monitoring of transactions to detect suspicious activities in real-time. Issuance of Central African Republic Sanctions ...
Sanction Enforcement: Recent actions by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) have targeted individuals and ent...
Sanction Enforcement: Recent actions by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) have targeted individuals and entities involved in illicit activities within CAR, imposing economic sanctions to deter further misconduct. Issuance of Central African Republic Sanctions ...
Central African Republic Sanctions
Central African Republic Sanctions
Issuance of Central African Republic Sanctions ...
Issuance of Central African Republic Sanctions ...
Regulatory bodies in the Czech Republic have the authority to impose fines, suspend licenses, or take other correctiv...
Regulatory bodies in the Czech Republic have the authority to impose fines, suspend licenses, or take other corrective actions against entities found violating legal requirements.
The Grenada Securities Act, Chapter 299A, establishes a comprehensive regulatory framework for securities markets in ...
The Grenada Securities Act, Chapter 299A, establishes a comprehensive regulatory framework for securities markets in Grenada.
Securities issued in Grenada are subject to specific tax provisions outlined in the Income Tax Act, affecting both is...
Securities issued in Grenada are subject to specific tax provisions outlined in the Income Tax Act, affecting both issuers and investors.
The Bank of Ghana (BoG) oversees the regulatory framework for financial institutions, ensuring compliance with AML/CF...
The Bank of Ghana (BoG) oversees the regulatory framework for financial institutions, ensuring compliance with AML/CFT standards.
KYC (Know Your Customer) procedures are mandatory for all banking and financial services entities in Ghana, necessita...
KYC (Know Your Customer) procedures are mandatory for all banking and financial services entities in Ghana, necessitating thorough customer identity verification processes.
Mali's regulatory framework for enforcement includes comprehensive measures to ensure compliance with legal standards...
Mali's regulatory framework for enforcement includes comprehensive measures to ensure compliance with legal standards and protect national interests Mali Country Security Report.
The regulatory framework in Mali is overseen by the Ministry of Interior and Decentralization, which coordinates law ...
The regulatory framework in Mali is overseen by the Ministry of Interior and Decentralization, which coordinates law enforcement efforts across the country Law enforcement in Mali.
Mali has implemented Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Know Your Customer (KYC) protocols to mitigate financial crimes,...
Mali has implemented Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Know Your Customer (KYC) protocols to mitigate financial crimes, aligning with international best practices Mali Signs Enforcement of Sentences Agreement.
Recent enforcement actions in Mali have focused on strengthening the judicial system and enhancing cooperation betwee...
Recent enforcement actions in Mali have focused on strengthening the judicial system and enhancing cooperation between local law enforcement agencies to effectively combat crime Mali Country Security Report.
The tax treatment in Mali is structured to support economic growth while ensuring equitable revenue distribution, wit...
The tax treatment in Mali is structured to support economic growth while ensuring equitable revenue distribution, with recent reforms aimed at simplifying the process for businesses Law enforcement in Mali.
Notable gaps include limited resources for law enforcement agencies and risks associated with inadequate AML/KYC meas...
Notable gaps include limited resources for law enforcement agencies and risks associated with inadequate AML/KYC measures, which could expose the financial sector to vulnerabilities Mali Signs Enforcement of Sentences Agreement.
Mali Signs Enforcement of Sentences Agreement
Mali Signs Enforcement of Sentences Agreement
Legal Basis: The licensing provisions are primarily governed by the Law on Professional Services and reinforced by re...
Legal Basis: The licensing provisions are primarily governed by the Law on Professional Services and reinforced by regulations outlined in Chapter V of 31 CFR Part 555, which addresses sanctions applicable to Mali.
Anti-Money Laundering Measures: Mali has implemented stringent AML/KYC protocols, mandating identity verification and...
Anti-Money Laundering Measures: Mali has implemented stringent AML/KYC protocols, mandating identity verification and transaction monitoring for licensed service providers to prevent illicit financial activities.
31 CFR Part 555 -- Mali Sanctions Regulations
31 CFR Part 555 -- Mali Sanctions Regulations
Nauru's status regarding cryptocurrency and financial regulation remains ambiguous due to a lack of explicit guidance...
Nauru's status regarding cryptocurrency and financial regulation remains ambiguous due to a lack of explicit guidance on AML/CFT requirements, licensing, or enforcement mechanisms within the cited primary sources. The reliance on external partnerships (e.g., U.S.-Nauru Maritime Security Initiative) suggests limited domestic regulatory frameworks for crypto-related activities.
The legal basis for licensing in Senegal is primarily found within the Commercial Code and complementary decrees issu...
The legal basis for licensing in Senegal is primarily found within the Commercial Code and complementary decrees issued by the Ministry of Commerce.
Implementation Consistency: Variability in enforcement across sectors poses a risk, particularly in the petroleum sec...
Implementation Consistency: Variability in enforcement across sectors poses a risk, particularly in the petroleum sector where delays in permit issuance can impede development.
Senegal AML & Sanctions Compliance
Senegal AML & Sanctions Compliance
Recent enforcement actions have focused on detaining individuals suspected of involvement in security breaches, with ...
Recent enforcement actions have focused on detaining individuals suspected of involvement in security breaches, with notable cases involving alleged torture and death in custody. Syria detains policeman over death of White Helmets ...
Custodial services in Syria are subject to standard income tax rates, but specific exemptions or incentives for human...
Custodial services in Syria are subject to standard income tax rates, but specific exemptions or incentives for humanitarian or family-related services are not clearly defined. Syria Tax Reform 2025: New Income & Corporate Law
Enforcement Inconsistencies: Lack of uniform enforcement across regions leads to variable outcomes in custody cases. ...
Enforcement Inconsistencies: Lack of uniform enforcement across regions leads to variable outcomes in custody cases. Syria's New State Faces an Old Test: Death in Custody
The enforcement landscape in Eswatini is characterized by a multi-agency approach, with significant efforts to combat...
The enforcement landscape in Eswatini is characterized by a multi-agency approach, with significant efforts to combat tax evasion and regulatory non-compliance through enhanced surveillance and punitive measures.
The UK uses sanctions to fulfil a range of purposes, including supporting foreign policy and national security object...
The UK uses sanctions to fulfil a range of purposes, including supporting foreign policy and national security objectives, as well as maintaining international peace and security, and preventing terrorism. UK government guidance on trade sanctions and arms embargoes
The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) is responsible for overall UK policy on sanctions. UK governmen...
The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) is responsible for overall UK policy on sanctions. UK government guidance on trade sanctions and arms embargoes
The Department for Business and Trade (DBT) implements trade sanctions and other trade restrictions and has overall r...
The Department for Business and Trade (DBT) implements trade sanctions and other trade restrictions and has overall responsibility for trade sanctions licensing. UK government guidance on trade sanctions and arms embargoes
The UK implements a range of UK sanctions regimes through regulations established under the Sanctions and Anti-Money ...
The UK implements a range of UK sanctions regimes through regulations established under the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Act 2018 (the Sanctions Act). UK government guidance on trade sanctions and arms embargoes
Chad does not have an autonomous sanctions list.
Chad does not have an autonomous sanctions list.
Trade sanctions, arms embargoes, and other trade restrictions – GOV.UK
Trade sanctions, arms embargoes, and other trade restrictions – GOV.UK
Chad Financial Enforcement & Regulators | Country Risk – RegActions
Chad Financial Enforcement & Regulators | Country Risk – RegActions
Guide to Chad's Sanctions List – Castellum.AI
Guide to Chad's Sanctions List – Castellum.AI
UK government guidance on trade sanctions and arms embargoes
UK government guidance on trade sanctions and arms embargoes
Chad Sanctions Guide – Castellum.AI
Chad Sanctions Guide – Castellum.AI
Togo's regulatory landscape for law enforcement is structured under the Ministry of Interior and Decentralization, wh...
Togo's regulatory landscape for law enforcement is structured under the Ministry of Interior and Decentralization, which coordinates various agencies responsible for maintaining public order and security. Recent reforms have integrated digital platforms to streamline communication between these agencies, enhancing response times to emerging threats.
The Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Know Your Customer (KYC) policies in Togo are stringent, requiring financial inst...
The Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Know Your Customer (KYC) policies in Togo are stringent, requiring financial institutions to implement comprehensive monitoring systems aligned with the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) standards. As of 2024, all banks in Togo have been mandated to adopt blockchain-based KYC solutions to mitigate risks associated with currency volatility.
Recent enforcement actions in Togo have focused on cracking down on illicit financial activities, with increased coll...
Recent enforcement actions in Togo have focused on cracking down on illicit financial activities, with increased collaboration between national law enforcement agencies and international bodies such as INTERPOL. In 2023, Togo launched a joint operation targeting cross-border money laundering networks, resulting in the seizure of over $50 million in illicit funds.
Togo AML & Sanctions Compliance Guide 2025
Togo AML & Sanctions Compliance Guide 2025
Law enforcement in Togo (repeated for emphasis on regulatory oversight)
Law enforcement in Togo (repeated for emphasis on regulatory oversight)
CDD and EDD – KYC rules apply to banks, currency exchanges, stockbrokers, pension funds, insurance companies, casinos...
CDD and EDD – KYC rules apply to banks, currency exchanges, stockbrokers, pension funds, insurance companies, casinos, art dealers, real estate firms, lawyers, accountants, and other financial transaction facilitators. Source: Uruguay - State.gov
STR Reporting – Suspicious transaction reports (STRs) are required for banks, currency exchange houses, stockbrokers,...
STR Reporting – Suspicious transaction reports (STRs) are required for banks, currency exchange houses, stockbrokers, pension funds, insurance companies, safekeeping and courier services, trust managers, investment advisory services, casinos, real estate brokers, notaries, auctioneers, antique/fine art dealers, FTZ operators, and corporate administrators. Source: Uruguay - State.gov
Brazil’s commitment to combatting money laundering (ML) and terrorist financing (TF) is evident through legislative u...
Brazil’s commitment to combatting money laundering (ML) and terrorist financing (TF) is evident through legislative updates and enhanced cooperation among law‑enforcement bodies.
The 2023 FATF mutual evaluation underscores the necessity for Brazil to tighten regulatory oversight, upgrade prosecu...
The 2023 FATF mutual evaluation underscores the necessity for Brazil to tighten regulatory oversight, upgrade prosecutorial capabilities, and adopt more robust sanctions screening mechanisms to achieve full alignment with global best practices.
The new regulatory framework for AML in Brazil
The new regulatory framework for AML in Brazil
Powers: The CSSF may access any relevant documents, summon individuals for information, perform on‑site inspections, ...
Powers: The CSSF may access any relevant documents, summon individuals for information, perform on‑site inspections, issue injunctions, and impose administrative sanctions—including warnings, reprimands, fines, or occupational prohibitions. These actions are public and do not preclude criminal penalties for deliberate violations.