Papua New Guinea -- Regulatory Status Regulatory Overview
Methodology
AI-generated synthesis from web search results.
Limitations
- AI-generated content -- not reviewed by human expert
- Source URLs not independently verified
RESEARCH: Papua New Guinea Cryptocurrency and Digital Asset Status
Executive Summary
- Papua New Guinea has no specific cryptocurrency or digital asset legislation as of 2025–2026, with no dedicated regulatory framework addressing virtual assets as a distinct asset class Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The primary financial regulators operate under the Central Banking Act 2000 and the Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2000, but neither statute references digital assets, virtual currencies, or blockchain technology Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- No licensing regime exists specifically for cryptocurrency exchanges, wallet providers, or digital asset service providers, and no entities have been granted licenses to operate crypto businesses in PNG Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The practical reality is that crypto activities remain unregulated and unlicensed, creating significant legal uncertainty for businesses, while the government has demonstrated regulatory capacity through enforcement actions in adjacent sectors like telecommunications NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
- No official guidance has been issued on the legal status, treatment, or taxation of virtual assets, leaving businesses operating in a legal gray zone with minimal regulatory clarity Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Regulatory Framework
Regulatory Bodies
- The Bank of Papua New Guinea (BPNG) serves as the central bank and primary financial regulator, operating under the Central Banking Act 2000, which grants it authority over monetary policy, currency issuance, and the financial system Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2000 establishes the regulatory framework for banking activities and financial institutions, administered by the Bank of Papua New Guinea, but contains no provisions addressing digital assets or cryptocurrencies Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The National Information and Communications Technology Authority (NICTA) regulates the ICT sector under the National Information and Communications Technology Act 2009 and has demonstrated enforcement authority over unlicensed service providers in related technological sectors NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
- The Ombudsman Commission of Papua New Guinea holds constitutional authority to issue directives that can restrain regulatory bodies from taking licensing actions, as demonstrated in the Starlink licensing matter NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
- The Internal Revenue Commission administers tax legislation including the Goods and Services Tax Act 2003 and Goods and Services Tax Regulation 2005, which may have incidental application to digital asset transactions Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Primary Laws
- The Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, adopted August 15, 1975, and effective September 16, 1975, establishes the supreme legal framework under which all other laws operate and provides for the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
- The Central Banking Act 2000 governs the operations of the central bank and the national financial system but contains no specific provisions for virtual assets or digital currencies Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2000 provides the regulatory framework for authorized deposit-taking institutions and financial service providers, with the accompanying Banks and Financial Institutions Regulation 1982 detailing operational requirements Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The Companies Act 1997 and Companies Regulation 1998 establish the corporate legal framework under which any crypto business entity would need to be incorporated Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The Goods and Services Tax Act 2003 and Goods and Services Tax Regulation 2005 constitute the primary indirect tax legislation that could apply to digital asset transactions Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The National Information and Communications Technology Act 2009 provides the statutory basis for NICTA's regulatory authority and enforcement powers over technology and communications services NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
- The Constitution establishes that the underlying law of Papua New Guinea includes the common law of England and Australia as it existed at independence on September 16, 1975, which may have residual relevance for property rights in digital assets Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
International Standing
- Papua New Guinea is a constitutional, federal, multiparty, parliamentary democracy with a 118-seat unicameral parliament, as documented in the 2022 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices Papua New Guinea - United States Department of State
- The country operates a common law legal system inherited from its colonial history, with the Constitution establishing the framework for the Legislative, Judiciary, and Executive branches of government Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
- The executive branch consists of the Queen as Head of State, represented by the Governor-General, along with the Prime Minister who heads the Cabinet (National Executive Council) and the Government Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
- The judicial branch consists of the Supreme Court, National Court, and local and village courts, forming an independent justice system that would adjudicate any disputes involving digital assets Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
- The Constitution does not contain provisions that specifically refer to intellectual property rights, but its preamble encourages active steps to improve the cultural, social, economic, and ethical quality of traditional villages and communities Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
Licensing Requirements
Who Needs a License
- No licensing regime exists for cryptocurrency exchanges, digital asset trading platforms, virtual asset service providers, wallet providers, or other crypto-related businesses under current Papua New Guinea law Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- Financial institutions seeking to operate as banks or financial service providers must obtain authorization under the Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2000, which could conceivably extend to crypto-related financial services, though this has not been tested Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The Central Banking Act 2000 grants the Bank of Papua New Guinea authority over foreign exchange and gold transactions through the Central Banking (Foreign Exchange and Gold) Regulation 2000, which could potentially be interpreted to cover certain digital asset transactions Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
What Activities Require Licensing
- Banking activities and financial institution operations require authorization under the Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2000 and the Banks and Financial Institutions Regulation 1982 Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The Central Banking Act 2000 requires compliance with foreign exchange regulations through the Central Banking (Foreign Exchange and Gold) Regulation 2000 Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- ICT and telecommunications services must be licensed under the National Information and Communications Technology Act 2009, which provides the closest analog for how digital infrastructure services might be regulated NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
Capital Requirements
- No capital requirements have been established for cryptocurrency or digital asset businesses because no specific licensing framework exists for such activities Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2000 and Banks and Financial Institutions Regulation 1982 may prescribe capital requirements for authorized financial institutions, but these have not been applied to digital asset businesses Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Application Process
- There is no application process for cryptocurrency or digital asset licenses because no such licensing category exists under Papua New Guinea law Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- Companies seeking to engage in any business activity must first incorporate under the Companies Act 1997 and Companies Regulation 1998 Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- Businesses must register their business names under the Business Names Act 1963 and Business Names Regulation 1964 Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The NICTA licensing process for ICT services demonstrates that sector-specific licenses can require advanced negotiations and face external legal constraints, as shown by the directive from the Ombudsman Commission halting the Starlink license NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
Timeline
- No timeline exists for obtaining a cryptocurrency license because no such licensing pathway exists Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The Starlink licensing process demonstrates that sectoral licensing in PNG can be delayed by legal challenges and Ombudsman Commission directives, with the matter heard by the National Court on September 5, 2025, and a decision still pending as of December 2025 NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
Structural Requirements
- No structural requirements have been established for cryptocurrency businesses because no licensing framework exists Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- Any business operating in PNG must comply with general corporate requirements under the Companies Act 1997, including registration and ongoing compliance obligations Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The Constitution requires that all laws and government actions comply with the principles of natural justice and the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
Licensed Entities
- Zero (0) entities have been licensed to conduct cryptocurrency or digital asset business in Papua New Guinea — no crypto exchange, wallet provider, or digital asset service provider has ever been granted a license to operate Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- No entity has received regulatory approval to offer virtual asset services under any existing financial regulatory framework Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The only related licensing action in the technology sector involves NICTA's advanced-stage licensing of Starlink, which was halted by an Ombudsman Commission directive in March 2024 NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
AML/KYC Requirements
- The Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 and related regulations address controlled substances and associated financial crimes, but no specific AML/CFT legislation referencing virtual assets exists in Papua New Guinea Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The Criminal Code Act 1974 contains general criminal provisions that may apply to fraud, money laundering, and other financial crimes involving digital assets, though it does not specifically reference cryptocurrencies Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- No customer due diligence (CDD) requirements have been specifically prescribed for cryptocurrency businesses since no licensing framework exists for such entities Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- No enhanced due diligence (EDD) obligations have been established for digital asset transactions because the regulatory framework does not recognize virtual assets as regulated financial instruments Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- No suspicious transaction reporting (STR) regime has been extended to cover cryptocurrency activities, as the reporting obligations under existing financial laws do not reference digital assets Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- No record retention requirements have been prescribed for virtual asset transactions because no framework recognizes such transactions for regulatory purposes Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- No beneficial ownership disclosure requirements have been established for cryptocurrency businesses or digital asset transactions Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- No politically exposed person (PEP) screening requirements have been extended to the digital asset sector Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The constitutional framework provides for the right to privacy under Section 49 and the right to freedom from arbitrary search and entry under Section 44, which would apply to any future AML/KYC regulations Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
Enforcement Actions
- NICTA formally instructed SpaceX, the parent company of Starlink Internet Services PNG Limited, on December 11, 2025, to cease the provision of Starlink satellite services in Papua New Guinea, citing the company's unlicensed status NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
- NICTA observed ongoing importation, supply, installation, and use of Starlink terminals across the country despite the company lacking a valid license, and warned that such activities constitute offences under the Act and relevant regulations NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
- NICTA received over 160 direct responses from users after SpaceX disabled Starlink services on December 16, 2025, indicating that a significant number of individuals had been using Starlink services unlawfully NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
- NICTA has commenced court proceedings challenging the Ombudsman Commission's directive, which expressly prohibits NICTA from issuing a license to Starlink; the matter was heard by the National Court on September 5, 2025, and a decision is still pending NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
- NICTA has warned that any person or entity engaging in unlicensed importation, supply, installation, or use of Starlink terminals may be subject to enforcement action, including prosecution NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
- No enforcement actions have been taken against cryptocurrency businesses in Papua New Guinea because no crypto businesses have been licensed or formally regulated Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- No fines, penalties, or arrests related to cryptocurrency activities have been recorded in Papua New Guinea Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The Ombudsman Commission's March 2024 directive prohibiting NICTA from issuing a license to Starlink demonstrates the Commission's power to restrain regulatory bodies from taking action, a precedent that could theoretically apply to other sectors including digital assets NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
Tax Treatment
- No tax guidance has been issued for virtual assets.
- The Goods and Services Tax Act 2003 and Goods and Services Tax Regulation 2005 constitute the primary indirect tax legislation in Papua New Guinea but contain no specific provisions addressing digital assets or cryptocurrency transactions Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- No guidance exists on whether cryptocurrency gains would be treated as income, capital gains, or be subject to any specific tax treatment Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The Customs Act 1951 and related customs legislation govern import duties but do not address digital assets or virtual currencies Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- No tax rulings, administrative guidance, or legislative provisions have been issued that clarify the tax treatment of cryptocurrency mining, trading, or investment activities Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The absence of specific tax provisions for virtual assets means that general tax principles would apply by default, creating significant uncertainty for businesses and individuals engaged in crypto activities Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- Companies engaged in cryptocurrency activities would still be subject to general corporate tax obligations under applicable tax legislation, though the specific treatment of crypto transactions remains undefined Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Key Gaps & Risks
Regulatory Gaps
- Papua New Guinea has no dedicated cryptocurrency or digital asset legislation, creating a complete regulatory vacuum for virtual asset businesses Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- No regulatory authority has been designated with specific responsibility for overseeing digital asset activities Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- No definitions exist in PNG law for key concepts such as "virtual asset," "cryptocurrency," "digital currency," "blockchain," or "distributed ledger technology" Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The existing financial regulatory framework under the Central Banking Act 2000 and Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2000 was designed for traditional financial instruments and does not adapt cleanly to digital assets Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- No AML/CFT framework has been extended to cover cryptocurrency transactions Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Practical Risks for Businesses
- Businesses operating in the crypto space face complete legal uncertainty regarding their status, obligations, and rights Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- Companies engaging in unlicensed financial activities may be subject to enforcement action under the Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2000, even though no specific crypto licensing pathway exists Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The NICTA enforcement action against Starlink demonstrates that regulators are willing to take enforcement action against companies operating without proper authorization, and the same approach could theoretically be applied to crypto businesses NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
- The Ombudsman Commission's ability to issue directives that restrain regulatory bodies adds an additional layer of unpredictability to the regulatory landscape NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
- The court system faces significant delays, with the shortage of judges creating delays in both the trial process and the rendering of decisions, meaning legal remedies may not be timely Papua New Guinea - United States Department of State
- Courts had difficulty enforcing judgments, which could affect the enforceability of contracts and legal remedies in the crypto space Papua New Guinea - United States Department of State
- The criminal justice system suffers from lengthy pretrial detention and slow case processing, with pretrial detainees potentially waiting as long as 10 years before trial, which could affect any criminal proceedings involving crypto businesses Papua New Guinea - United States Department of State
Implementation Gaps
- The government frequently failed to prosecute or punish officials who committed abuses, whether in the security services or elsewhere in the government, indicating weaknesses in enforcement capacity Papua New Guinea - United States Department of State
- Impunity was pervasive, including for official corruption, which may affect the consistency and fairness of any future crypto regulation Papua New Guinea - United States Department of State
- The Constitution establishes that Papua New Guinea has a unicameral National Parliament with 109 seats, of which 20 are occupied by governors, all serving five-year terms by universal suffrage Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
- The Constitution defines the underlying law as including the Constitution, organic laws, acts of the National Parliament, customary law, and the common law of England and Australia as it existed at independence Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
High-Risk Environment
- The absence of a regulatory framework means that crypto businesses have no legal certainty about their rights to operate, their obligations, or their ability to enforce contracts Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- Businesses face the risk that regulators may retroactively apply existing financial laws to crypto activities, as demonstrated by NICTA's enforcement approach in the telecommunications sector NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
- The lack of specific licensing pathways means that crypto businesses cannot achieve regulatory approval, creating a perpetual state of regulatory uncertainty Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- Without specific tax guidance, crypto businesses face uncertainty about their tax obligations and potential exposure to penalties for non-compliance Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
- The government's demonstrated willingness to take enforcement action against unlicensed businesses, combined with the lack of a licensing pathway for crypto, creates a high-risk environment for legitimate businesses seeking to operate in compliance with the law NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
Sources
Source Data
Papua New Guinea has no specific cryptocurrency or digital asset legislation as of 2025–2026, with no dedicated regulatory framework addressing virtual assets as a distinct asset class Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The primary financial regulators operate under the Central Banking Act 2000 and the Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2000, but neither statute references digital assets, virtual currencies, or blockchain technology Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
No licensing regime exists specifically for cryptocurrency exchanges, wallet providers, or digital asset service providers, and no entities have been granted licenses to operate crypto businesses in PNG Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The practical reality is that crypto activities remain unregulated and unlicensed, creating significant legal uncertainty for businesses, while the government has demonstrated regulatory capacity through enforcement actions in adjacent sectors like telecommunications NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
No official guidance has been issued on the legal status, treatment, or taxation of virtual assets, leaving businesses operating in a legal gray zone with minimal regulatory clarity Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The Bank of Papua New Guinea (BPNG) serves as the central bank and primary financial regulator, operating under the Central Banking Act 2000, which grants it authority over monetary policy, currency issuance, and the financial system Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2000 establishes the regulatory framework for banking activities and financial institutions, administered by the Bank of Papua New Guinea, but contains no provisions addressing digital assets or cryptocurrencies Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The National Information and Communications Technology Authority (NICTA) regulates the ICT sector under the National Information and Communications Technology Act 2009 and has demonstrated enforcement authority over unlicensed service providers in related technological sectors NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
The Ombudsman Commission of Papua New Guinea holds constitutional authority to issue directives that can restrain regulatory bodies from taking licensing actions, as demonstrated in the Starlink licensing matter NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
The Internal Revenue Commission administers tax legislation including the Goods and Services Tax Act 2003 and Goods and Services Tax Regulation 2005, which may have incidental application to digital asset transactions Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, adopted August 15, 1975, and effective September 16, 1975, establishes the supreme legal framework under which all other laws operate and provides for the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
The Central Banking Act 2000 governs the operations of the central bank and the national financial system but contains no specific provisions for virtual assets or digital currencies Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2000 provides the regulatory framework for authorized deposit-taking institutions and financial service providers, with the accompanying Banks and Financial Institutions Regulation 1982 detailing operational requirements Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The Companies Act 1997 and Companies Regulation 1998 establish the corporate legal framework under which any crypto business entity would need to be incorporated Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The Goods and Services Tax Act 2003 and Goods and Services Tax Regulation 2005 constitute the primary indirect tax legislation that could apply to digital asset transactions Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The National Information and Communications Technology Act 2009 provides the statutory basis for NICTA's regulatory authority and enforcement powers over technology and communications services NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
The Constitution establishes that the underlying law of Papua New Guinea includes the common law of England and Australia as it existed at independence on September 16, 1975, which may have residual relevance for property rights in digital assets Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
Papua New Guinea is a constitutional, federal, multiparty, parliamentary democracy with a 118-seat unicameral parliament, as documented in the 2022 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices Papua New Guinea - United States Department of State
The country operates a common law legal system inherited from its colonial history, with the Constitution establishing the framework for the Legislative, Judiciary, and Executive branches of government Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
The executive branch consists of the Queen as Head of State, represented by the Governor-General, along with the Prime Minister who heads the Cabinet (National Executive Council) and the Government Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
The judicial branch consists of the Supreme Court, National Court, and local and village courts, forming an independent justice system that would adjudicate any disputes involving digital assets Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
No licensing regime exists for cryptocurrency exchanges, digital asset trading platforms, virtual asset service providers, wallet providers, or other crypto-related businesses under current Papua New Guinea law Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Financial institutions seeking to operate as banks or financial service providers must obtain authorization under the Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2000, which could conceivably extend to crypto-related financial services, though this has not been tested Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The Central Banking Act 2000 grants the Bank of Papua New Guinea authority over foreign exchange and gold transactions through the Central Banking (Foreign Exchange and Gold) Regulation 2000, which could potentially be interpreted to cover certain digital asset transactions Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Banking activities and financial institution operations require authorization under the Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2000 and the Banks and Financial Institutions Regulation 1982 Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The Central Banking Act 2000 requires compliance with foreign exchange regulations through the Central Banking (Foreign Exchange and Gold) Regulation 2000 Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
ICT and telecommunications services must be licensed under the National Information and Communications Technology Act 2009, which provides the closest analog for how digital infrastructure services might be regulated NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
No capital requirements have been established for cryptocurrency or digital asset businesses because no specific licensing framework exists for such activities Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2000 and Banks and Financial Institutions Regulation 1982 may prescribe capital requirements for authorized financial institutions, but these have not been applied to digital asset businesses Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
There is no application process for cryptocurrency or digital asset licenses because no such licensing category exists under Papua New Guinea law Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Companies seeking to engage in any business activity must first incorporate under the Companies Act 1997 and Companies Regulation 1998 Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Businesses must register their business names under the Business Names Act 1963 and Business Names Regulation 1964 Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The NICTA licensing process for ICT services demonstrates that sector-specific licenses can require advanced negotiations and face external legal constraints, as shown by the directive from the Ombudsman Commission halting the Starlink license NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
No timeline exists for obtaining a cryptocurrency license because no such licensing pathway exists Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The Starlink licensing process demonstrates that sectoral licensing in PNG can be delayed by legal challenges and Ombudsman Commission directives, with the matter heard by the National Court on September 5, 2025, and a decision still pending as of December 2025 NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
No structural requirements have been established for cryptocurrency businesses because no licensing framework exists Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Any business operating in PNG must comply with general corporate requirements under the Companies Act 1997, including registration and ongoing compliance obligations Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The Constitution requires that all laws and government actions comply with the principles of natural justice and the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
Zero (0) entities have been licensed to conduct cryptocurrency or digital asset business in Papua New Guinea — no crypto exchange, wallet provider, or digital asset service provider has ever been granted a license to operate Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
No entity has received regulatory approval to offer virtual asset services under any existing financial regulatory framework Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The only related licensing action in the technology sector involves NICTA's advanced-stage licensing of Starlink, which was halted by an Ombudsman Commission directive in March 2024 NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
The Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 and related regulations address controlled substances and associated financial crimes, but no specific AML/CFT legislation referencing virtual assets exists in Papua New Guinea Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The Criminal Code Act 1974 contains general criminal provisions that may apply to fraud, money laundering, and other financial crimes involving digital assets, though it does not specifically reference cryptocurrencies Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
No customer due diligence (CDD) requirements have been specifically prescribed for cryptocurrency businesses since no licensing framework exists for such entities Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
No enhanced due diligence (EDD) obligations have been established for digital asset transactions because the regulatory framework does not recognize virtual assets as regulated financial instruments Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
No suspicious transaction reporting (STR) regime has been extended to cover cryptocurrency activities, as the reporting obligations under existing financial laws do not reference digital assets Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
No record retention requirements have been prescribed for virtual asset transactions because no framework recognizes such transactions for regulatory purposes Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
No beneficial ownership disclosure requirements have been established for cryptocurrency businesses or digital asset transactions Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
No politically exposed person (PEP) screening requirements have been extended to the digital asset sector Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The constitutional framework provides for the right to privacy under Section 49 and the right to freedom from arbitrary search and entry under Section 44, which would apply to any future AML/KYC regulations Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
NICTA formally instructed SpaceX, the parent company of Starlink Internet Services PNG Limited, on December 11, 2025, to cease the provision of Starlink satellite services in Papua New Guinea, citing the company's unlicensed status NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
NICTA observed ongoing importation, supply, installation, and use of Starlink terminals across the country despite the company lacking a valid license, and warned that such activities constitute offences under the Act and relevant regulations NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
NICTA received over 160 direct responses from users after SpaceX disabled Starlink services on December 16, 2025, indicating that a significant number of individuals had been using Starlink services unlawfully NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
NICTA has commenced court proceedings challenging the Ombudsman Commission's directive, which expressly prohibits NICTA from issuing a license to Starlink; the matter was heard by the National Court on September 5, 2025, and a decision is still pending NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
NICTA has warned that any person or entity engaging in unlicensed importation, supply, installation, or use of Starlink terminals may be subject to enforcement action, including prosecution NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
No enforcement actions have been taken against cryptocurrency businesses in Papua New Guinea because no crypto businesses have been licensed or formally regulated Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
No fines, penalties, or arrests related to cryptocurrency activities have been recorded in Papua New Guinea Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The Ombudsman Commission's March 2024 directive prohibiting NICTA from issuing a license to Starlink demonstrates the Commission's power to restrain regulatory bodies from taking action, a precedent that could theoretically apply to other sectors including digital assets NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
No tax guidance has been issued for virtual assets.
The Goods and Services Tax Act 2003 and Goods and Services Tax Regulation 2005 constitute the primary indirect tax legislation in Papua New Guinea but contain no specific provisions addressing digital assets or cryptocurrency transactions Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
No guidance exists on whether cryptocurrency gains would be treated as income, capital gains, or be subject to any specific tax treatment Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The Customs Act 1951 and related customs legislation govern import duties but do not address digital assets or virtual currencies Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
No tax rulings, administrative guidance, or legislative provisions have been issued that clarify the tax treatment of cryptocurrency mining, trading, or investment activities Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The absence of specific tax provisions for virtual assets means that general tax principles would apply by default, creating significant uncertainty for businesses and individuals engaged in crypto activities Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Companies engaged in cryptocurrency activities would still be subject to general corporate tax obligations under applicable tax legislation, though the specific treatment of crypto transactions remains undefined Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea has no dedicated cryptocurrency or digital asset legislation, creating a complete regulatory vacuum for virtual asset businesses Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
No regulatory authority has been designated with specific responsibility for overseeing digital asset activities Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
No definitions exist in PNG law for key concepts such as "virtual asset," "cryptocurrency," "digital currency," "blockchain," or "distributed ledger technology" Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The existing financial regulatory framework under the Central Banking Act 2000 and Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2000 was designed for traditional financial instruments and does not adapt cleanly to digital assets Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
No AML/CFT framework has been extended to cover cryptocurrency transactions Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Businesses operating in the crypto space face complete legal uncertainty regarding their status, obligations, and rights Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Companies engaging in unlicensed financial activities may be subject to enforcement action under the Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2000, even though no specific crypto licensing pathway exists Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The NICTA enforcement action against Starlink demonstrates that regulators are willing to take enforcement action against companies operating without proper authorization, and the same approach could theoretically be applied to crypto businesses NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
The Ombudsman Commission's ability to issue directives that restrain regulatory bodies adds an additional layer of unpredictability to the regulatory landscape NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
The court system faces significant delays, with the shortage of judges creating delays in both the trial process and the rendering of decisions, meaning legal remedies may not be timely Papua New Guinea - United States Department of State
Courts had difficulty enforcing judgments, which could affect the enforceability of contracts and legal remedies in the crypto space Papua New Guinea - United States Department of State
The criminal justice system suffers from lengthy pretrial detention and slow case processing, with pretrial detainees potentially waiting as long as 10 years before trial, which could affect any criminal proceedings involving crypto businesses Papua New Guinea - United States Department of State
The government frequently failed to prosecute or punish officials who committed abuses, whether in the security services or elsewhere in the government, indicating weaknesses in enforcement capacity Papua New Guinea - United States Department of State
Impunity was pervasive, including for official corruption, which may affect the consistency and fairness of any future crypto regulation Papua New Guinea - United States Department of State
The Constitution establishes that Papua New Guinea has a unicameral National Parliament with 109 seats, of which 20 are occupied by governors, all serving five-year terms by universal suffrage Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
The Constitution defines the underlying law as including the Constitution, organic laws, acts of the National Parliament, customary law, and the common law of England and Australia as it existed at independence Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
The absence of a regulatory framework means that crypto businesses have no legal certainty about their rights to operate, their obligations, or their ability to enforce contracts Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Businesses face the risk that regulators may retroactively apply existing financial laws to crypto activities, as demonstrated by NICTA's enforcement approach in the telecommunications sector NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
The lack of specific licensing pathways means that crypto businesses cannot achieve regulatory approval, creating a perpetual state of regulatory uncertainty Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Without specific tax guidance, crypto businesses face uncertainty about their tax obligations and potential exposure to penalties for non-compliance Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
The government's demonstrated willingness to take enforcement action against unlicensed businesses, combined with the lack of a licensing pathway for crypto, creates a high-risk environment for legitimate businesses seeking to operate in compliance with the law NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea - United States Department of State
Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex
NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG
References
This article was generated by deepseek/deepseek-chat .
Primary Sources
bankpng.gov.pg. (n.d.). Bank of Papua New Guinea. Retrieved April 22, 2026, from https://www.bankpng.gov.pg/
scpng.gov.pg. (n.d.). Securities Commission of Papua New Guinea. Retrieved April 22, 2026, from https://www.scpng.gov.pg/
paclii.org. (n.d.). PacLII. Retrieved April 22, 2026, from http://www.paclii.org/pg/legis/consol_act/bopnga2000257/
paclii.org. (n.d.). PacLII. Retrieved April 22, 2026, from http://www.paclii.org/pg/legis/consol_act/amlctfa2015494/
pnglaw.gov.pg. (n.d.). Office of Legislative Counsel :: Papua New Guinea. Retrieved September 6, 2026, from https://www.pnglaw.gov.pg/paclii.php
ict.gov.pg. (n.d.). NICTA Clarifies Regulatory Status of Starlink Services in PNG | DICT I PNG. Retrieved September 6, 2026, from https://www.ict.gov.pg/nicta-clarifies-regulatory-status-of-starlink-services-in-png/
wipo.int. (n.d.). Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, WIPO Lex. Retrieved September 6, 2026, from https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/legislation/details/7448
state.gov. (n.d.). Papua New Guinea - United States Department of State. Retrieved September 6, 2026, from https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/papua-new-guinea/
Edit History
This article is maintained by AI research workers and reviewed by human editors. Learn about our methodology →